Heart Health and Testosterone Replacement Therapy

There is a definite link between low testosterone, testosterone replacement therapy, and heart health.

The is a lot of confusion and controversy surrounding the use of testosterone replacement and the risk of a cardiovascular incident such as a stroke or heart attack.

In 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) updated its recommendations for testosterone and added a label warning to any prescription product that contained testosterone stating the possible increased risk of heart attack and stroke for men.

However, while the warning remains, there have been many other studies that suggest the original studies that led to the implementation of the warning label were flawed. Since the regulation was put into place, there have even been studies that indicate just the opposite, that in men with low testosterone, well-regulated and monitored testosterone replacement therapy can actually lower their chance of having a cardiovascular event.

When properly prescribed, our doctors believe that there is substantial evidence to indicate that testosterone therapy not only does not increase your risk of stroke or heart attack, but it can actually decrease your chances of such cardiovascular incidents.

What Is Testosterone’s Relationship With Coronary Artery Disease and Atherosclerosis?

Men with low testosterone often develop a number of "metabolic conditions," all of which increase the risk of coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, heart attack, and stroke. Low testosterone decreases your ability to burn fat and build muscle. This often leads to obesity. The links between being overweight and an increased risk of stroke or heart attack are well known.

It has been well-established that being overweight increases your risk of atherosclerosis, a condition marked by the buildup of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries known as “plaque.” This plaque buildup clogs the proper flow of blood to the heart and brain, and often a stroke or heart attack is the result.

Men with low testosterone are also at a greater risk of developing insulin resistance and type II diabetes. Diabetes also increases your risk of cardiovascular disease.

A recent meta-analysis found that there is a link between low testosterone in men and an increased risk of developing heart disease. The review published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism showed significant evidence suggesting a connection between low testosterone levels and heart disease.

"When we reviewed the existing research into testosterone, and cardiovascular disease, a growing body of evidence suggested a connection between the two," study lead author Dr. Johannes Ruige of Ghent University Hospital in Belgium said in a journal news release.

Testosterone and Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Hypertension is the medical term for “high blood pressure.” There is definitely a link between low testosterone and heart disease, and that includes hypertension.  But the link between testosterone replacement and hypertension is a little bit different than it is for other heart health risks such as heart attack or stroke.

Since testosterone replacement can help you to build muscle and burn fat, it lowers your BMI and therefore reduces your chances of being obese, which, like reducing your risk of stroke or heart attack, may help lower your blood pressure. However, unlike other forms of heart disease, there is a way that testosterone could, under certain conditions, cause an increase in blood pressure. Among its many benefits, testosterone replacement increases your production of red blood cells.

Additional red blood cells have many benefits, such as increased oxygenation in the blood, which can provide you with increased strength and energy. However, the increased production of red blood cells that results from testosterone injections could, in some men, cause a thickening of the blood. This blood-thickening could raise your blood pressure.

Therefore, men on testosterone therapy must have their blood pressure carefully monitored. If your blood pressure goes up consistently while on testosterone therapy and it is linked to blood thickening, you may need to donate blood periodically to avoid the condition.

Testosterone and the Risk of Heart Attack

Myocardial infarction is the medical term for a heart attack. When used as prescribed, for most patients, testosterone does not increase your risk of heart attack or myocardial infarction. Despite an overabundance of evidence to the contrary, it has been said that testosterone replacement therapy could increase the risk of having a heart attack.

Not only have many recent studies debunked this commonly held misconception, but the latest research also suggests that just the opposite is true – testosterone replacement can actually decrease a man’s risk of a heart attack.

The study, published in the European Heart Journal, found that increasing the testosterone levels in men with low testosterone who have suffered a heart attack helped to prevent a second heart attack or other cardiovascular issues.

Does Testosterone Replacement Increase Your Risk of Cardiovascular Disease?

For most men, testosterone replacement does not increase their risk of cardiovascular disease, and in fact, research seems to suggest that when properly prescribed and used with doctor supervision, testosterone replacement therapy can actually reduce your risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease.

A 2015 study published by the world-renowned Mayo Clinic set the record straight on testosterone and the risk of heart disease or increased risk of a heart attack.

According to the study, published in the January 2015 edition of Mayo Clinic Proceedings, “evidence from research conducted around the world for several decades suggests a beneficial relationship between [testosterone] therapy and cardiovascular health.”

The lead researcher on this study was Dr. Abraham Morgentaler. Dr. Morgentaler is a well-known specialist in men’s health. Dr. Morgentaler published his first paper on testosterone in 1978. He has since become a recognized expert in the field and wrote the extremely popular book, Testosterone for Life in 2008.

This paper by Morgentaler was what is known as a “meta-analysis” It took a look at all of the studies on testosterone and the increased risk of cardiovascular disease between 1940 and 2014 and analyzed them in detail.

After intensively studying almost 75 years of published medical research, Dr. Morgentaler and his team found only four studies that seemed to indicate an increased risk of heart disease associated with testosterone replacement. However, they found "dozens of studies" that suggested just the opposite, that testosterone replacement can actually reduce the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and heart attack.

This led him to make only one inescapable conclusion –  “In summary, there is no convincing evidence of increased CV risks with testosterone therapy. On the contrary, there appears to be a strong beneficial relationship between normal testosterone levels and CV health that has not yet been widely appreciated.”

Testosterone Replacement in Patients With Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Three of the main risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease are:

• Obesity
• Diabetes
• High Blood Pressure
• Stress

Testosterone replacement therapy does not increase these risk factors. In fact, it lowers each and everyone one of them. Clinical research has shown that there is a definite link between low testosterone and metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome is a group of disorders characterized by high blood sugar, high levels of "bad" cholesterol, high blood pressure, and obesity. It puts people at severe risk of death by cardiac arrest or stroke. Medical research has found that people, particularly men with low testosterone, are at a much greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome than men who have more normal testosterone levels.

Most of the risk factors for developing metabolic syndrome are related to obesity. Men with low testosterone tend to be overweight. In particular, they have an excess of belly fat. Also, men with low testosterone tend to also have one or more of the conditions associated with metabolic syndrome.

Lack of lean muscle, and a decreased ability to burn fat, are two of the main symptoms of men with low testosterone. Therefore, it stands to reason that low testosterone can and does increase a man’s risk of developing metabolic syndrome.

Now that you know a bit more about the vital role testosterone plays in heart health and the prevention of cardiovascular disease, why not contact us today? We would be happy to answer any questions or concerns you may have about testosterone replacement therapy.